BonesLabs Blog
Updates on our supply, methodology references, and notes from the bench — written by the BonesLabs team for the research community.
Showing 55-72 of 95 posts | page 4/6
KLOWS-8: A Composite Research Blend Combining KLOW with SNAP-8 Research summary. KLOWS-8 is a research-grade composite preparation that extends the four-peptide KLOW blend (GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500, KPV) by adding a fifth component: SNAP-8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3). The composite is conceptually positioned as a multi-pathway research tool spanning matrix remodelling, cell migration, protective/repair signalling, inflammation modulation, and […]
KLOW: A Four-Peptide Research Blend Spanning Repair, Remodelling, and Inflammation Pathways Research summary. KLOW is a research-grade multi-peptide preparation that combines four well-characterised peptides — GHK-Cu, BPC-157, TB-500 (thymosin β4), and KPV — into a single formulation. The blend is designed around the working hypothesis that recovery and tissue maintenance involve multiple non-redundant signalling axes […]
Kisspeptin-10: A Hypothalamic Decapeptide Regulator of the Reproductive Axis Research summary. Kisspeptin-10 is a C-terminal decapeptide fragment of the kisspeptin family of peptides encoded by the KISS1 gene. It is the shortest fragment that retains full agonist activity at the kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R, formerly GPR54) and has become a foundational research tool for studying the […]
Ipamorelin: A Selective Pentapeptide Growth Hormone Secretagogue Research summary. Ipamorelin is a synthetic pentapeptide growth hormone secretagogue developed in the 1990s. It distinguished itself from earlier GHRPs (GHRP-2, GHRP-6, hexarelin) through its highly selective engagement of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) without significant stimulation of cortisol, prolactin, ACTH, or other off-target hormones — a […]
Humanin: A Mitochondria-Encoded Cytoprotective Micropeptide Research summary. Humanin is a 24-amino-acid micropeptide encoded by a small open reading frame within the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. It was discovered in 2001 by Hashimoto, Niikura, and colleagues working in the laboratory of Ikuo Nishimoto, who identified the peptide in a screen for factors protecting cells from […]
hGH Fragment 176-191: The Lipolytic C-Terminal Domain of Growth Hormone Research summary. hGH Fragment 176-191 is a synthetic 16-amino-acid peptide corresponding to the C-terminal domain of human growth hormone, specifically residues 176 through 191. The fragment contains the structural region of the parent hormone associated with its lipolytic (fat-mobilising) activity, while lacking the regions responsible […]
Hexarelin: A Potent GHRP with Distinct Cardiac Activity Research summary. Hexarelin is a synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue developed by Romano Deghenghi and colleagues at Mediolanum Farmaceutici in the early 1990s. It is one of the more potent members of the GHRP family at the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a), and its distinctive feature within […]
Gonadorelin (GnRH): The Hypothalamic Master Regulator of Reproductive Hormones Research summary. Gonadorelin is the synthetic form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), the hypothalamic decapeptide that controls anterior-pituitary secretion of luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Native GnRH is released in pulsatile fashion from hypothalamic neurons and is the apex regulator of the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis. […]
L-Glutathione (GSH): The Cellular Master Antioxidant Tripeptide Research summary. L-Glutathione (γ-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine, GSH) is a tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. It is the most abundant non-protein thiol in mammalian cells and the principal endogenous antioxidant in the cytosol, mitochondria, and nucleus. Glutathione is biosynthesised in essentially all nucleated cells through a two-step ATP-dependent pathway […]
Retatrutide: A GIP/GLP-1/Glucagon Triple Receptor Agonist Research summary. Retatrutide (development code LY3437943) is a synthetic peptide engineered as a unimolecular triple receptor agonist at the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR), the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R), and the glucagon receptor (GCGR). Developed by Eli Lilly, it represents the next progression in the multi-receptor incretin agonist class […]
Tirzepatide: A GIP/GLP-1 Dual Receptor Agonist Research summary. Tirzepatide is a synthetic 39-amino-acid peptide engineered as a unimolecular dual agonist at the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). Developed by Eli Lilly and approved by the U.S. FDA as Mounjaro (for type 2 diabetes) and Zepbound (for chronic weight management), […]
GLP-2 / GLP-3 Research Blend: Notes on Multi-Receptor Incretin Combinations Research summary. "GLP-2 / GLP-3 Blend" is a research-context naming convention that tends to appear in the research-peptide market more than in the formal scientific literature. The terminology is not standardised: GLP-2 has a precise scientific meaning (the 33-amino-acid intestinotrophic peptide encoded alongside GLP-1 in […]
Semaglutide: A Long-Acting GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Research summary. Semaglutide is a long-acting analogue of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), engineered for once-weekly subcutaneous administration through a combination of amino-acid substitutions and a C18 fatty-acid acylation chain that supports albumin binding. Developed by Novo Nordisk, it is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for type 2 […]
GHRH: The Hypothalamic Master Regulator of Growth Hormone Secretion Research summary. Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH) is the principal hypothalamic peptide that drives growth hormone (GH) synthesis and pulsatile release from anterior pituitary somatotrophs. It was characterised in 1982 by the laboratory of Roger Guillemin from human pancreatic-tumour ectopic GHRH and is the foundation of the […]
GHRP-6: A Hexapeptide Growth Hormone Secretagogue with CD36 Engagement Research summary. GHRP-6 (Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide 6) is a synthetic hexapeptide and one of the founding members of the GHRP class developed by Bowers and colleagues at Tulane University in the 1980s. Like its sister molecule GHRP-2, it engages the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) — […]
GHRP-2 (Pralmorelin): A Synthetic Growth Hormone Secretagogue Research summary. GHRP-2 (Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide 2), also known by the development name pralmorelin, is a synthetic hexapeptide growth hormone secretagogue. It belongs to the pioneering class of GHRPs developed by Cyril Bowers and colleagues at Tulane University in the late 1970s and 1980s — work that ultimately […]
GHK-Cu (Copper Tripeptide-1): The Copper-Bound Form of GHK Research summary. GHK-Cu is the copper-bound complex of the naturally occurring tripeptide GHK (Gly-His-Lys). It was identified by Loren Pickart in the 1970s as the bioactive form responsible for many of the regenerative properties attributed to GHK in human plasma. The copper ion is bound at the […]
GHK: A Naturally Occurring Tripeptide of Tissue Repair and Genomic Modulation Research summary. GHK (Gly-His-Lys) is a tripeptide that occurs naturally in human plasma, saliva, and urine. It was first isolated and characterised by Pickart and colleagues in the 1970s. Plasma GHK levels decline substantially with age — from approximately 200 ng/mL at age 20 […]